BGI  FAQs –

Q. Are diamonds really valuable?
A. Yes, for 3 reasons:
    1.  They are genuinely rare and difficult to
         find in the earth
    2.  Diamonds are indeed the hardest substance and          so are uniquely bright and desirable over          millennia, so they don’t wear out
    3.  Their value is increased mainly by the time it          takes to cut and polish such hard gems, which          can only be cut by diamond dust

Q. Isn’t it pretty simple to cut a diamond?
A. Sometimes they have to be ‘opened’ by having a     single facet polished on the rough stone,
    so the cutter has to alter the plan of cutting to avoid     a flaw in one area perhaps. With sawing,
    it can take a few days.

Q. Are there artificial diamonds and
    can we detect them?
A. Yes, but very few. Luckily a laboratory can
    see their different fluorescence under UV light, and     detect the odd nitrogen levels.

Q. What are the 4 C’s?
A. Colour, Clarity, Cut and Carat weight:
    Colour:
    In white diamonds is the degree of
    ‘yellowness’ in a diamond. ‘Grade 1’ (or ‘D’ in     America) is the top colour which in truth is     colourless, like ice, and the most valuable
    (see table).

    Clarity/ Purity:
    Is the scale of flaws inside the diamond
    A1 is flawless to A11, the least pure: A8-A11 are eye     visible.

    Cut:
    Cut is the shape of the stone, such as round,
    or pear etc. Check if the stone has
    a certificate, and the proportions (see below) are of     the quality you find most suitable for price
    and ‘look’. The certificate will explain the cutting     quality.

    Carat Weight:
    A one carat diamond is worth more than two half     carat diamonds because of the ‘weight’ factor.
    (A carat is a unit of weight = to one fifth of a gram,     not to be confused with gold quality [eg 18ct]
    which is the same word but a different meaning).

Q. What does the word ‘carat’ in reference
     to metal mean?
A. Gold Carat:
    18ct gold is 750 parts per 1000, hence the ‘750’     stamp seen in a hallmark [18 : 24].
    9ct=375 ppt (parts per thousand).

    Platinum:
    Platinum is a rarer metal and is stamped ‘950’.

Q. What is fluorescence?
A. Fluorescence is the visible light [usually blue]     emitted by some diamonds when under UV light.

Q. Can diamonds break even though they are so hard?
A. Yes, they can chip and even break in pieces.

Q. What is a diamond certificate?
A. A certificate describes the technical qualities
    of the diamond. It must be made by an independent     laboratory such as the BGI.

Q. What are “proportions” in a diamond?
A. Proportions are the way a diamond is cut so
    that the top (crown), middle (girdle) and base     (pavilion) sections match up correctly.
    Better proportions reflect more light. The grade     names for proportion quality are ‘Medium’, ‘Good’,     ‘Very Good’ or ‘Excellent’ and are priced
    according to quality.

Q. What are Conflict Diamonds?
A. All diamonds sold in shops are now ‘Conflict Free’.
    Conflict Diamonds were mined in war zones
    that could have been used to buy arms.
    These diamonds became illegal (in April 2004) under     the Kimberley Process (KP) which prevented the
    flow of such diamonds from war zones.
    The BGI took part in the KP ratification and fully     supports it.